Explain to the patient that the examination is now finished. Available from: [LINK]. Typical findings in the hands include swellings at the distal interphalangeal joints (Heberden’s nodes) and proximal interphalangeal joints (Bouchard’s nodes) which represent osteophyte formation. Gain consent to proceed with the examination. Available from: [LINK]. Test gross sensation in each fingertip, and on the back of the hand. Ask the patient to carry out a sequence of active movements to assess the function of various joints. 20 Wrist and Hand - Midway ISD PPT. The hand is one of the main elements of the rehabilitation of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) due to deformities, which occur in approximately 90% of patients. Adapted by Geeky Medics. Or use it to upload your own PowerPoint slides so you can share them with your teachers, class, students, bosses, employees, customers, potential investors or the world. Active movement refers to a movement performed independently by the patient. Function is integral to every act of daily living. A collection of surgery revision notes covering key surgical topics. Palpate the wrists for evidence of joint line irregularities or tenderness. Whether your application is business, how-to, education, medicine, school, church, sales, marketing, online training or just for fun, PowerShow.com is a great resource. Muscle System (Back) Circulatory System ... - ANATOMY DEPARTMENT PRACTIAL EXAM MUSCULOSKELETAL BLOCK Station 1-What is the nerve supply of the green area. X-ray and MRI). This involves the patient relaxing and allowing you to move the joint freely to assess the full range of joint movement. Those who perform hand surgeries or non-surgical procedures may also be trained and certified as general, orthopedic or plastic surgeons who are experienced in specialized fields of hand, arm, and even shoulder anatomy, physiology and treatment procedures and surgeries. If the patient’s symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome are reproduced then the test is positive (e.g burning, tingling or numb sensation in the thumb, index, middle and ring fingers). Available from: [LINK]. Available from: [LINK]. Ask the patient to hold their wrist in maximum forced flexion (pushing the dorsal surfaces of both hands together) for 60 seconds. Very Good . For all tests, the uninvolved had is tested first. To perform the test, simply tap over the carpal tunnel with your finger. Or use it to find and download high-quality how-to PowerPoint ppt presentations with illustrated or animated slides that will teach you how to do something new, also for free. Instruct the patient to extend the wrist backward while you follow the hand with one arm of the goniometer (Fig. It occurs when the median nerve is entrapped within the carpal tunnel of the wrist. | PowerPoint PPT presentation | free to view CrystalGraphics 3D Character Slides for PowerPoint, - CrystalGraphics 3D Character Slides for PowerPoint. Ask the patient to hold their arms out in front of them with their palms facing downwards –“Hold your arms out in front of you, with your palms facing the ground.”, 2. Drahreg01. The PowerPoint PPT presentation: "Hand and Wrist Anatomy" is the property of its rightful owner. Do you have PowerPoint slides to share? wrist deviates to the radial side when the patient is instructed to actively extend it because the radial wrist extensors are functioning but the extensor carpi ulnaris is not; Pronator Syndrome. Splinter haemorrhage. 7-17). Warn them that should they experience any pain they should let you know immediately. Learn wrist and hand special tests with free interactive flashcards. The examination will involve me first looking at the hands, then feeling the joints and finally asking you to do some movements.”. They are also performed so the athletic trainer has a better understanding of what the injury may be. The tendons that attach the forearm flexor muscles to the finger and hand bones on the palm side of the hand and wrist and serve to curl the fingers and thumb and bend the wrist. Adapted by Geeky Medics. Available from: [LINK]. An overview of some of the common physical exam manoeuvers used to examine the hand and wrist. Check out our brand new medical MCQ quiz platform at https://geekyquiz.com. Your wrist is made up of eight small bones called the carpal bones, or the carpus.These join your hand to the two long bones in your forearm — the radius and ulna. hand/wrist. This test provides good details of the affected tendons and their surrounding soft tissues. 7-18). Kleinman shear test. Psoriatic arthritis is an autoimmune disease associated with psoriasis that is characterised by inflammation of the joints and the surrounding tendons. Only gold members can continue reading. As the patient performs each movement, note any restrictions in the range of the joint’s movement and also look for signs of discomfort. Phalen's Test or Wrist Press Test. If abnormalities are noted on active movements (e.g. Available from: [LINK]. Sreeraj S R TEST FOR NEUROLOGICAL DYSFUNCTION Elbow Flexion Test: Patient is asked to fully flex elbow with extension of the wrist and shoulder girdle abduction and depression and hold it for 3 to 5 minutes. Ask the patient to splay their fingers and stop you from pushing their fingers together – “Splay your fingers outwards and don’t let me push them together.”. Wash hands 2. Licence: CC BY 2.0. Ask the patient to fully relax and allow you to move their hand and wrist for them. 2. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterised by inflammation of the synovial joints, periarticular tissue destruction and a variety of extra-articular features (e.g. Evaluate extension of each finger. Your doctor may use a handful of tests to diagnose carpal tunnel syndrome and rule out other causes of hand and wrist pain. - Elbow, Forearm, Wrist and Hand Elbow Bones: Humerus: only bone of the arm Landmarks: medial and lateral epicondyles, olecranon fossa, capitulum (articulation with the ... - The Forearm, Wrist, Hand, and Fingers Chapter 24 Forearm Anatomy Radius and Ulna: Elbow Joints: radioulnar joint (superior, middle, and distal) Bone: proximal radial ... - Market Report on India present the latest report on “Hand and Wrist Devices Market in India”,the small number of procedures currently occurring, the distal radius plate market is the fastest growing segment from the hand and wrist device market and will have a positive effect on the market growth. Perform a brief general inspection of the patient, looking for signs suggestive of underlying pathology: Look for objects or equipment on or around the patient that may provide useful insights into their medical history and current clinical status: With the patient’s palms facing down, inspect the dorsum of each hand for signs suggestive of underlying pathology: With the patient’s palms facing up, inspect each hand for signs suggestive of underlying pathology: Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis and is characterised by joint pain worsened with activity, localised loss of cartilage, remodelling of adjacent bone and associated inflammation. (Indicative of glenoid labrum tear). And, best of all, most of its cool features are free and easy to use. It is the most active portion of the upper extremity. - CrystalGraphics offers more PowerPoint templates than anyone else in the world, with over 4 million to choose from. Clinical examination of the wrist, thumb and hand C H A P T E R 2 0 323 thumb – the extensor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis (Fig Examination of the hand and wrist pdf. Log In or Register to continue Support the patient’s hand and palpate the palm to detect the typical bands of thickened palmar fascia associated with Dupuytren’s contracture. Assess radial nerve sensation over the first dorsal webspace. It’s important to clearly explain and demonstrate each movement you expect the patient to perform to aid understanding. Bimanually palpate the joints of the hand, assessing and comparing for tenderness, irregularities and warmth: Palpate the anatomical snuffbox for tenderness which is suggestive of a scaphoid fracture. Increased temperature of a joint, particularly if also associated with swelling and tenderness may indicate septic arthritis or inflammatory arthritis. Ask the patient to extend their fingers and wrist joints, keeping their hands in this position whilst you apply resistance – “Extend your fingers out in front of you, cock your wrists back and don’t let me pull them downwards.”, Muscles assessed: first dorsal interosseous (FDI), 1. The carpal bones are Table 1 BONE S AND JOINT OF THE HAN WRIST The following questions refer to your . Psoriasis plaque. aponeurosis). “, “In summary, these findings are consistent with a normal hand and wrist examination.”, “For completeness, I would like to perform the following further assessments and investigations.”. The joints of the hand and wrist should be assessed and compared. James Heilman, MD. David Jones. If the patient develops tingling in the thumb and radial two and a half fingers this is suggestive of median nerve compression. - Anatomy and Physiology Chapter 7 Bone Tissue & Chapter 8 The Skeletal System Targets: 1. It's FREE! Medical Imaging Tests for Wrist Tendonitis. - HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY (ANATOMI DAN FISIOLOGI MANUSIA) Compiled by Sheikh Kamaruddin Sheikh Ahmad Skeleton System . - Wrist, Hand, and Fingers Sports Medicine I Anatomy Site of most minor, yet irritating conditions Wrist and hand contain 27 bones and 38 joints 8 carpal bones Carpal ... - Dr. S. Nishan Silva (MBBS) Wrist Hand and Fingers. A collection of communication skills guides, for common OSCE scenarios, including history taking and information giving. Available from: [LINK]. Licence: CC BY-SA. ©2020 SportsEngine, Inc. Adapted by Geeky Medics. Lunotriquetral ballotment test (Reagan test) Lunotriquetral (LT) instability - dynamic. Licence: CC BY-SA. Position the patient seated with their hands on a pillow. Many of them are also animated. Nonspecific test. EVERY. CopperKettle. Carpal tunnel syndrome occurs as a result of compression of the median nerve as it traverses through the wrist via the carpal tunnel. Heberden’s nodes. A hand and wrist examination done in a structured manner will lead to a correct diagnosis. Test. Test OK sign, fingers crossed (index and middle), spread fingers wide and hold them out against resistance. Available from: [LINK]. Available from: [LINK]. Boasting an impressive range of designs, they will support your presentations with inspiring background photos or videos that support your themes, set the right mood, enhance your credibility and inspire your audiences. “Are you happy f… Assess median nerve sensation over the thenar eminence and index finger. Licence: CC BY-SA. Onycholysis. Adapted by Geeky Medics. 1. Alborz Fallah. If the history or examination findings are suggestive of carpal tunnel syndrome, Phalen’s test may be used to further support the diagnosis. Tenderness in the anatomical snuffbox is highly suggestive of a scaphoid fracture. If the patient is known to have an issue with a particular hand, you should assess the ‘normal’ hand first for comparison. 1----- Station 1-What is the nerve supply of the ... - Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology Unit 1 Body Cavities and Membranes Body Cavity: major, closed compartment containing internal organs. Grip weakness can also develop secondary to wasting of the thenar muscles which receive motor innervation from the median nerve. James Heilman, MD. Tinel’s test is used to identify median nerve compression and can be useful in the diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome. Additional diagnostic tests, as described, are indicated by ulnar wrist or extra-articular symptomatology. Available from: [LINK]. A collection of anatomy notes covering the key anatomy concepts that medical students need to learn. Licence: CC BY-SA. Palpate the patient’s arm along the ulnar border to the elbow and note any tenderness, rheumatoid nodules or psoriatic plaques. The following questions refer to the function of your hand(s)/wrist(s) during the past week. Dorsal Body Cavity ... Anatomy and Physiology of the Skeletal System, - Anatomy and Physiology of the Skeletal System. Assess ulnar nerve sensation over the hypothenar eminence and little finger. GEMalone. Tests instability at. Ch. Special tests are performed to rule injuries out. A collection of interactive medical and surgical clinical case scenarios to put your diagnostic and management skills to the test. That's all free as well! Scapholunate (SL) instability - dynamic. Available from: [LINK]. Symptoms vary but may include early involvement of the sensory systems and later involvement of the motor system. And they’re ready for you to use in your PowerPoint presentations the moment you need them. Advise them to keep it in this position whilst you apply downward resistance with your own thumb – “Point your thumbs to the ceiling and don’t let me push them down.”. right. Starr, M. Allen. - Chapter 1 Introduction to Anatomy Do Now Take a few to review for the Terminology quiz Anatomical position To avoid confusion among medical professional an anatomical ... - Title: Human Anatomy and Physiology Author: lradolins Last modified by: Radolinski, Lorene Created Date: 9/2/2008 8:19:19 PM Document presentation format, - Title: SURFACE ANATOMY AND MARKINGS OF THE UPPER LIMB PECTORAL REGION Subject: Anatomy Author: Prof. Saeed Abuel Makarem Last modified by: ksupy Created Date. Winner of the Standing Ovation Award for “Best PowerPoint Templates” from Presentations Magazine. If so, share your PPT presentation slides online with PowerShow.com. Good : Fair . A boggy swelling may signify the presence of synovitis or an effusion. HenrykGerlach. - PT grasps the scaphoid with one hand from the radial side (thumb on distal pole-palmar side). “Today I examined Mrs Smith, a 32-year-old female. Assess the patient’s hand function using the fine motor screening tests below. After you enable Flash, refresh this page and the presentation should play. LT instability - dynamic. Adapted by Geeky Medics. 20. To view this presentation, you'll need to allow Flash. Some common wrist and hand special tests are categorically presented below followed by a brief description of each test. Further imaging if indicated (e.g. The following screening test will allow you to quickly assess the motor function of the radial, ulnar and median nerve. Our standard approach to the examination of radial wrist pain consists of five maneuvers: (1) ANA, (2) scaphotrapezial trapezoid (STT), (3) DWS, (4) SS, and (5) FET. Adapted by Geeky Medics. L Funk 2003 DRUJ 1. Patients typically experience joint pain (present even at rest), joint swelling and morning joint stiffness. Median nerve compression between 2 heads of pronator teres; Tests; Palpation Outline the significance of the key findings from the tests … Tenderness is suggestive of active inflammatory arthropathy. Licence. Hand and wrist examination frequently appear in OSCEs and you’ll be expected to identify the relevant clinical signs using your examination skills. The hand and wrist can be palpated to localize tenderness to a specific anatomic structure. Wash your hands and don PPE if appropriate. rheumatoid nodules, scleritis, nail fold infarcts and peripheral nerve entrapment). question, even if you do not experience any problems with the hand and/or wrist. A collection of free medical student quizzes to put your medical and surgical knowledge to the test! Abnormal hand posture secondary to chronic rheumatoid arthritis, Inflammation of the proximal interphalangeal joints, Palpate the thenar and hypothenar eminences, Finger extension against resistance (radial nerve), Finger ABduction against resistance (ulnar nerve), Thumb ABduction against resistance (median nerve), Start typing to see results or hit ESC to close, DNACPR Discussion and Documentation – OSCE Guide, Cervical Spine X-ray Interpretation – OSCE Guide, Musculoskeletal (MSK) X-ray Interpretation – OSCE Guide, medical MCQ quiz platform at https://geekyquiz.com, How to take an Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) – OSCE Guide, Carpometacarpal joint (CMCJ) of the thumb (squaring of the joint is associated with OA). Available from: [LINK]. The examination will involve me first looking at the hands, then feeling the joints and finally asking you to do some movements.” 1. Frank C. Müller. Available from: [LINK]. Assess and compare the temperature of the joints on the dorsal aspect of the hand (e.g. Licence: CC BY-SA. Each clinical case scenario allows you to work through history taking, investigations, diagnosis and management. of the patient’s thumb and tests the flexors of the thumb – the Ganglion. Phalen's Test This website is powered by SportsEngine's Sports Relationship Management (SRM) software, but is owned by and subject to the Physical Therapy Haven privacy policy. Licence: CC BY-SA. Perform a comprehensive examination of the forearm, wrist, and hand, including palpation of the articular and soft-tissue structures, specific passive mobility, and passive articular mobility tests, and stability tests. Common tests used to evaluate and confirm tendon injuries in the wrist are ultrasound and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Carpal tunnel scars. Palpate the dorsal surface of the wrist with both thumbs, supporting the joint underneath with your index fingers. - Hand and Wrist Injuries Allyson S. Howe, MD January 17, 2008 HAND AND WRIST HAND WRIST HAND FUNCTIONS 45% GRASP 45% PINCH Side pinch (key pinch) Tip pinch (writing ... - Anatomy Terminology Abduction, Adduction, Circumduction Movement Terms Inversion: to rotate the palms or soles in the frontal plane toward the midline of the body. Dupuytren’s. There were no objects or medical equipment around the bed of relevance. They are all artistically enhanced with visually stunning color, shadow and lighting effects. There is often associated crepitus and reduced range of joint movement. PPT – Hand and Wrist Anatomy PowerPoint presentation | free to view - id: 8294-NWQxZ, The Adobe Flash plugin is needed to view this content. Gently squeeze across the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints and observe for verbal and non-verbal signs of discomfort. Evaluate FDP and FDS of each finger. Special tests for the hand and wrist include: Licence: CC BY-SA. Rheumatoid arthritis chronic changes. Inspect the wrist for erythema, swelling, deformity and muscle wasting. Forms small ulnar notch to accept the ulnar head, Ulnar styloid process arises from medial surface, Formed by distal radius articulating with, Palmar/dorsal/interosseous ligaments between each, Proximal/distal carpal row separated by a single, Limited mobility in flex/ext, radial/ulnar, Thumb can abduct at any point/fingers only when, When fingers are in flexion they tighten and, Wrist Extensors (innervated by radial n.), Radial side profundus tendon(extensor hood), Median n., flexor pollicis longus tendon, 4 slips, Compression results in paresthesia 2-4 fingers, Avulsion of extensor tendon 25-35 flexion DIP, Forearm pronated with hand off edge of table, Forearm is pronated with hand resting on table, Aligned with the center of distal radioulnar, Sitting with elbow flexed to 90 deg, forearm, One hand grips distal forearm other grasps hand, UCL Valgus stress is applied (radially deviated, RCL Varus stress is applied (ulnarly deviate, Sitting, elbow flexed to 90 deg, forearm pronated, One hand grasps distal radius, other grasps, Shear force is applied to wrist by gliding distal, If the head of the third metacarpal is level with, Tucks thumb under fingers by making a fist, Increased pain over radial styloid process and, Examiner applies overpressure during passive. There was no evidence of weakness or sensory disturbance in the hands. 2. Test for thumb CMCJ subluxation/instability (usually Osteoarthritis). Other features of RA in the hands include muscle wasting, ulnar deviation, swan neck deformity, Boutonnière’s deformity and Z-thumb deformity. The hand and wrist is a series of complex, delicately balanced joints. Evaluate flexion and extension of the thumb IP. Therapist passively abducts and laterally rotates arm over the pt's head and the proceeds to apply an anterior directed force to the humerus. Introduce yourself to the patient including your name and role. Adequately expose the patient’s hands, wrist and elbows. Typical findings in the hands include symmetrical joint inflammation typically affecting the proximal interphalangeal joints, metacarpophalangeal joints and wrist joints. Hare, H. A. Elbow wrist and hand Role of the elbow • The elbow controls the length of the upper limb for function • It is designed as a Typical clinical features include pain and paraesthesia in the distribution of the median nerve (index finger, thumb and lateral half of the ring finger). PT grasps metacarpals with other hand. Grasp the thumb MC between your index & thumb, push & pull along the thumb axis. Passive movement refers to a movement of the patient, controlled by the examiner. They'll give your presentations a professional, memorable appearance - the kind of sophisticated look that today's audiences expect. Typical clinical features in the hands include joint swelling, joint pain and dactylitis (swelling of whole digits). (Please circle one answer for each question). The range of movement of the joints in both hands was normal. Introduce yourself 3. retinaculae & palmar . + test = clunking or grinding. Froment's Test This website is powered by SportsEngine's Sports Relationship Management (SRM) software, but is owned by and subject to the Physical Therapy Haven privacy policy. Adapted by Geeky Medics. Adapted by Geeky Medics. Or use it to create really cool photo slideshows - with 2D and 3D transitions, animation, and your choice of music - that you can share with your Facebook friends or Google+ circles. Resistance to movement = pseudostability and may be due to wrist pathology. Instructions: “Open your fist and splay your fingers.”, Instructions: “Put the palms of your hands together and extend your wrists fully.”, Instructions: “Put the backs of your hands together and flex your wrists fully.”. Special Tests Pseudostability test o hold patients hand in right hand and forearm with left, normal wrist clunks on palmar displacement of hand on forearm. A collection of data interpretation guides to help you learn how to interpret various laboratory and radiology investigations. A. On general inspection, the patient appeared comfortable at rest, with no stigmata of musculoskeletal disease. Muscles assessed: extensors of the wrist and fingers, 1. Name the tissues and organs that compose the skeletal system. Muscle assessed: abductor pollicis brevis, Instructions: Ask the patient to turn their hand over so their palm is facing upwards and to position their thumb over the midline of the palm. presentations for free. Please answer . Carpal tunnel syndrome is the most common form of compression neuropathy in the upper extremities. “Assessment of the hands and wrists revealed a normal appearance with no tenderness on palpation. “Do you have any questions?” 3. ulnar and median nerve). View Elbow wrist and hand.ppt from PHY 4054 at York University. Licence: CC BY-SA. Extensor Tendons The tendons that attach the forearm extensor muscles to the finger and hand bones on the backside of the hand and wrist and serve to straighten the fingers, thumb and wrist. “Today I’m going to examine the bones of your hands and wrists. Bouchard’s nodes. A comprehensive collection of clinical examination OSCE guides that include step-by-step images of key steps, video demonstrations and PDF mark schemes. Adapted by Geeky Medics. Confirm the patient’s details (e.g. Swan neck deformity. A comprehensive collection of OSCE guides to common clinical procedures, including step-by-step images of key steps, video demonstrations and PDF mark schemes. Davplast. This can be helpful as an aide-memoire if you begin to feel like you’ve lost your way during an OSCE. Resisted flexion Resistance is applied to the palmar aspect of the distal phalanx . They’ll probably start with questions about your medical history. As a result of the poor blood supply to the scaphoid, fractures can be slow to heal and avascular necrosis of the proximal fragment of the scaphoid can occur. Adapted by Geeky Medics. Test wrist flexion and extension. The scaphoid is the largest bone in the proximal row of carpal bones and is also the most commonly fractured. Hand surgeries and procedures address issues that involve the fingers, hands and wrists and sometimes the forearms, elbows and shoulders. Adapted by Geeky Medics. HUMAN ANATOMY Lecture 2 Anatomical Directions and Gross Anatomical Structures, - HUMAN ANATOMY Lecture 2 Anatomical Directions and Gross Anatomical Structures Southern Boone County Schools Bill Palmer, | PowerPoint PPT presentation | free to view. -Starting in ulnar deviation and extension, the PT passively flexes and radially deviates the wrist while providing a posterior force to the scaphoid. - Hand surgery is an orthopedic procedure performed for a wide variety of reasons. Find PowerPoint Presentations and Slides using the power of XPowerPoint.com, find free presentations research about Of Special Test For Wrist And Hand PPT. Adapted by Geeky Medics. Rheumatoid arthritis. PowerShow.com is a leading presentation/slideshow sharing website. restricted range of movement), assess joint movements passively. Confirm the patient’s name and date of birth. Grinding of this joint causing pain is … Adapted by Geeky Medics. name and date of birth) 1. 1. Adapted by Geeky Medics. With the patient’s wrist in the neutral position, place the goniometer in the sagittal plane with the center at the ulnar styloid process (Fig. 1 An ultrasound can be performed at different angles of the wrist. Instruct the patient to flex both shoulders and elbows … However, atypical distributions are present and can make CTS diagnosis challenging. Immediately noticeable, if not immobilized will become surgical finger. Licence: CC BY-SA. - Wrist/Hand Anatomy Carpals-8 Scaphoid Trapezium Trapezoid Capitate Hamate Pisiform Triquetral Lunate www.eatonhand.com http://www.gwc.maricopa.edu/class/bio201/hand ... Chapter 24: The Forearm, Wrist, Hand and Finger, - Title: Chapter 24: The Forearm, Wrist, Hand and Finger Author: Customer Last modified by: Power To Learn Initiative Created Date: 3/3/2002 9:08:10 PM. Pt in supine: Therapist places one hand on posterior aspect of pt's humeral head while other hand stabilizes the humerus proximal to elbow. It often occurs due to a fall on an outstretched hand. When abnormalities exist, palpate for tenderness and observe active movement, and examine resisted and then passive movement, of each joint. metacarpophalangeal joints) and elbow using the back of your hands. Dispose of PPE appropriately and wash your hands. “Does everything I’ve said make sense?” 2. Boutonnière deformity. A positive test is indicated by tingling or parasthesia in ulnar nerve distribution The test is confirmatory for cubital tunnel syndrome 41. Apply resistance to the patient’s index finger using your own index finger to assess abduction. Briefly explain what the examination will involve using patient-friendly language: “Today I’m going to examine the bones of your hands and wrists. A comprehensive collection of medical revision notes that cover a broad range of clinical topics. Palpate the muscle bulk of the thenar and hypothenar eminences: wasting can be caused by disuse atrophy as well as lower motor neuron lesions (e.g. THE FUNCTIONAL STRUCTURE OE THE HAND THE BONES The bones of the hand, shown in Figure 1, naturally group themselves into the carpus, comprising eight bones which make up the wrist and root of the hand, and the digits, each composed of its metacarpal and phalangeal segments (Table 1). Gain consent: 1. ©2020 SportsEngine, Inc. If you'd like to support us and get something great in return, check out our PDF OSCE Checklist Booklet containing over 100 OSCE checklists in PDF format. - Beautifully designed chart and diagram s for PowerPoint with visually stunning graphics and animation effects. Repeat the above movements passively, feeling for any crepitus during the movement of the joint. Dorsal hand muscle wasting. Examination Diagnostic testing Diagnostic testing of the forearm, wrist and hand is limited to plain radiographs for most patients Bony tenderness with a history of trauma or a suspicion of bone or joint disruption indicates a need for radiographs Standard projections for the wrist are the posteroanterior, lateral, and oblique For the patient with a suspicion of a scaphoid injury, a scaphoid …