Great Revolt of 1857 The Great Revolt of 1857 (also Indian rebellion of 1857, the Great uprising of 1857, the Great rebellion, Indian Sepoy mutiny) is regarded as India’s First War of Independence against the British rule. 1 Administrative Reasons for Failure of 1857 Revolt. Proclamations in Hindi, Urdu and Persian were put up calling local to join them and exterminate the foreign rule. The British finally attacked Delhi in September. The occupation of Delhi was short-lived. It failed to have the character of an all-India struggle.Important rulers like Sindhia, Holkar, Rana of Jodhpur and others did not support the rebels. The attack by Mangal Pandey is considered one of the first acts of what came to be known as the Great Rebellion or the Sepoy Mutiny. On 9 May 1857, they were severely punished for this. In this article, we have summarized the causes, impact, importance, and outcomes of the revolt. 2. On July 8, 1858, fourteen months after the outbreak at Meerut, peace was finally proclaimed by Canning. This war brought about the end of the British East India Company’s rule in India, and led to the direct rule by the British Government (British Raj) of much of the Indian Subcontinent for the next 90 years. Military Grievances: The extension of British dominion in India had adversely affected the service condition of the Sepoys. Tantia Tope was finally defeated, arrested and hanged. There were six main centres of revolt in these regions namely Kanpur, Lucknow, Bareilly, Jhansi, Gwalior and Arrah in Bihar. The Sanyasi Rebellion in North Bengal and the Chunar rebellion in Bihar and Bengal broke out in the late eighteenth century. Next day, on 11th May, the sepoys proclaimed the ageing Bahadur Shah Zafar the Emperor of Hindustan. THE OUTBURST On 9th May 1857 some sepoys in Meerut revolted against their British officers. Nationalist Imageries of the Revolt: Revolt of 1857 was celebrated as first war of Independence. During the Indian Mutiny of 1857. The Revolt of 1857 paved the way for the future struggle for freedom in India. Here we outline the various political and economic factors that helped cause the revolt. Besides, an Indian sepoy could not rise to a rank higher than that of a Subedar. It was initiated by sepoys in the Bengal Presidency against the British officers. British forces surrendered on 27th on the promised of safe conduct to Allahabad. As mutineers were captured, they were often killed on the spot, and many were executed in dramatic fashion. History, Indian History, Freedom Struggle, Revolts, The Revolt of 1857. Political Causes: The last major extension of the British Indian territory took place during the time of Dalhousie. The army was carefully reorganized to prevent the recurrence of such an event. Although the revolt was fairly widespread, a large part of the country remained unaffected by it. Suppressed the revolt at Arrah in August 1857. Nana Saheb, Tantia Tope and Rani Lakshmi Bai were brave leaders, no doubt, but they could not offer effective leadership to the movement as a whole. The sepoys wanted an end to the British rule and make Bahadur Shah Zafar their leader. The extension of the British Empire in India had adversely affected the service conditions of Indian sepoys. Privacy Policy3. Revolt of 1857 (Sepoy Mutiny) multiple choice questions for your upcoming exams like SSC, CGL, IAS Railway etc. Final recovery of Kanpur on 6th December, 1857. List of Non tribal, Tribal and peasant movements during British India. While British historians called it the Sepoy Mutiny, Indian historians named it the Revolt of 1857 or the First War of Indian Independence. It began on 10 May 1857 at Meerut, as a mutiny of sepoys of the British East India Company's army. She fought gallantly against the British forces. There was unrest in several places. 4. The revolt of 1857 is regarded by many as the First War of Indian Independence. which actively helped the British. The rebels lacked resources in terms of men and money. • The Indian sepoys were required to work far off without extra Bhatta or payment. Their Crime: These troopers had refused to load their rifles with the new cartridges. Sepoys in the Presidency of Bengal revolted against their British officers. Fighting in some places continued well into 1858, but the British were ultimately able to establish control. Project By Manas Joshi Revolt Of 1857 14. Chief Commissioner of Awadh. The Revolt of 1857, the Indian Rebellion of 1857, the Uprising of 1857, the Great Rebellion, the Indian Mutiny, the Sepoy Mutiny, are the different names for India’s First War of Independence against the British. Although serious and, in some cases, long drawn, these did not pose any serious threat to the existence of the British Empire. This was the official beginning of the ‘Great Revolt’. The refusal to continue the pension of Nana Saheb, the adopted son of Baji Rao II, created hostility among the ruling class. The news of the events at Delhi spread rapidly, sparking uprisings in many districts. The Revolt of 1857, the Indian Rebellion of 1857, the Uprising of 1857, the Great Rebellion, the Indian Mutiny, the Sepoy Mutiny, are the different names for India’s First War of … The Indian Rebellion of 1857 began as a mutiny of sepoys of the East India Company's army on 10 May 1857, in the cantonment of the town of Meerut, and soon escalated into other mutinies and civilian rebellions largely in the upper Gangetic plain and central India, with the major hostilities confined to present-day Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, northern Madhya Pradesh, and the Delhi region. 2. Chapaties and lotus passed from village to village as a symbollic message. The Indian Rebellion of 1857 is also called the Indian Mutiny, the Sepoy Mutiny, India's First War of Independence or India's first struggle for independence. Causes of the Revolt of 1857 Political Economic Military Social Administrative ... Ss project history Yash Chopra. Suppressed the revolt at Jhansi and recaptured Gwalior on 20th June, 1858. the revolt of 1857 was very important in determining Indian history. He was hanged to death on 8th April. This was insulting for both hindus and muslims who were inthe sepoy army. On 9 May 1857, they were severely punished for this. Nana Saheb escaped. The Indian Rebellion of 1857 Nilesh Sawkare. They were required to serve in an area away from their homes without the payment of extra Bhatta. The feelings of the unrest that was growing among the Indians finally got manifested in the form of revolt of 1857. Small precursors of brewing discontent involving incidences of arson in cantonment areas began to manifest themselves in January. This incident sparked off a general mutiny among the sepoys of Meerut. On 9th May 1857, on the parade ground of Meerut, 85 Indian troopers were court martialled. For six days there was desperate fighting. A large section of the population was alarmed by the rapid spread of Western civilization in India. They were required to serve in areas far away from their homes. … Revolt of 1857: Sepoys’started revolt by capturing the arms from stores and plundering the treasury, afterward they attacked and ransack all government offices like jail, treasury-, telegraph office, record room, bungalows etc. THE REVOLT OF 1857. Before sharing your knowledge on this site, please read the following pages: 1. The Religious Disabilities Act of 1850 modified the traditional Hindu law. This incident sparked off a general mutiny among the sepoys of Meerut. Content Guidelines 2. The people were convinced that the Government was planning to convert Indians to Christianity. the revolt of 1857 was very important in determining Indian history. Begum Hazrat Mahal, one of the begums of the ex-king of Awadh, took up the leadership of the revolt. The Indian Rebellion of 1857 is also called the Indian Mutiny, the Sepoy Mutiny, India's First War of Independence or India's first struggle for independence. Revolt of 1857 (Sepoy Mutiny) multiple choice questions for your upcoming exams like SSC, CGL, IAS Railway etc. Not a shilling was spent from the British treasury on the defense of the India. Recaptured Banaras and Allahabad in June 1857. The mutiny-rebellion has been the topic of fierce historical controversy. India now came under the direct rule of the British Crown. All those people who previously depended on royal patronage for their livelihoods were rendered unemployed. In Britain and in the West, it was almost always portrayed as a series of unreasonable and bloodthirsty uprisings spurred by falsehoods about religious insensitivity. The revolt spread over the entire area from the neighbourhood of Patna to the borders of Rajasthan. Not a shilling was spent from the British treasury on the defense of the India. However, all these disturbances were localized. It was by far the largest, most widespread, and dangerous threat to British rule in India in the nineteenth century1 following the Battle of Plassey in 1757 and Battle of Buxar in 1764. The sever famines which devoured millions of people remained issues, that were never addressed. There are various names for the revolt of 1857 – India’s First War of Independence, Sepoy Mutiny, etc. UPSC IAS 2020 Exam: Click here to get the Complete 30 Days Study Plan to score high in Prelims. Sindhia, a loyal ally of the British, was driven out. The revolt marked the end of the East India Company’s rule in India. Some of the local rulers like Scindia of Gwalior, the Holkar of Indore, the Nizam of Hyderabad, the Raja of Jodhpur, the Nawab of Bhopal, the rulers of Patiala, Sindh, and Kashmir, and the Rana of Nepal provided active support to the British. In a recent project, historian D. Kirti Narain uncovers the veil of anonymity surrounding scores of women — royals, aristocrats, courtesans, and commoners — … Large numbers of sepoys were drawn from the peasantry and had family ties in villages, so the grievances of the peasants also affected them. Later on, the Rani was joined by Tantia Tope and together they marched to Gwalior and captured it. THE GREAT REVOLT THE FIRST WAR OF INDEPENDENCE 3. The Rani of Jhansi fought like a tigress. [3] Soon there was a rebellion in the Meerut Cantonment. Some of historian called it as Sepoy mutiny or revolt or uprising. A large number of Indian rulers and chiefs were dislodged, thus arousing fear in the minds of other ruling families who apprehended a similar fate. An Act in 1850 changed the Hindu law of inheritance enabling a Hindu who had converted into Christianity to inherit his ancestral properties. Moreover, the sentiments of the people were hurt when it was declared that the descendants of the titular Mughal Emperor, Bahadur Shah II, would not be allowed to live in the Red Fort. He joined the revolt primarily because he was deprived of his pension by the British. There the mutinous sepoys were joined by the disbanded soldiers from the old Awadh army. An Indian sepoy was paid less than a European sepoy of the same rank. The revolt of 1857 forms one of the most important chapters in the history of the struggle of the Indian people for liberation from the British rule. At Be… The sever famines which devoured millions of people remained issues, that were never addressed. It was only later on that other elements of society joined the revolt. 3. Died at Lucknow while fighting against the rebels. Indian Mutiny, widespread but unsuccessful rebellion begun in 1857 against British rule in India. New cartridges cause concern amongst sepoys at Dum Dum. It began on May 10, 1857 when Indian sepoys from the East Indian Company's army created a mutiny in Meerut that soon spread throughout the central and northern India cities. The English educated middle class, the rich merchants, traders and zamindars of Bengal helped the British to suppress the revolt. Besides, the missionaries were allowed to make conversions to Christianity all over India. Abolition of Sati (1829), Hindu Widow Remarriage Act (1856). Our mission is to provide an online platform to help students to discuss anything and everything about history. At Kanpur, he killed Indians as revenge against the killing of English by Nana Sahib's forces. They became bitter enemies of the British. Finally the British forces captured Lucknow. The 1857 war of Independence, or Indian Rebellion of 1857, was the first Indian war of Independence and it was contained on June 20,1858 with the fall of Gwalior. The revolt was suppressed with terrible vengeance. By the first half of the 19th century, the East India Company had brought major portions of India under its control. In rural areas, peasants and zamindars resented the heavy taxes on land and the stringent methods of revenue collection followed by the Company. You can Read First GK> Revolt of 1857 – Sepoy Mutiny – Study Notes [PDF] Q.1 Which place is not a center of sepoy mutiny? Final reoccupation of Lucknow on 21 st March, 1858. Sepoys in the Presidency of Bengal revolted against their British officers. The feelings of the unrest that was growing among the Indians finally got manifested in the form of revolt of 1857. The Indian Rebellion of 1857 was a major, but ultimately unsuccessful, uprising in India in 1857–58 against the rule of the British East India Company, which functioned as a sovereign power on behalf of the British Crown. The southern provinces did not take part in it. Defense against Nana Sahib's forces till 26th June 1857. They developed the suspicion that the Government was trying to convert Indians to Christianity.After the annexation of Awadh the Nawab’s army was disbanded. The Indian Revolt of 1857 Brought the End of the East India Company . The Meerut Mutiny (May 9, 1857) marked the beginning of the Revolt of 1857. The issue of greased cartridges and military grievances has been over-emphasized, as the factor for the Revolt of 1857. However, recent researches have proved that the cartridge was not the only cause for this revolt. Who died during the seizure of British residency by rebels at Lucknow on 2nd July, 1857! Recapture of Bareilly on 5th May, 1858. The annexation of Baghat and Udaipur was, however, canceled and they were restored to their ruling houses. Indian handicraft industries had to compete with cheap machine- made goods from Britain. Killed Bahadur Shah's sons and grandsons in Delhi. Thousands of innocent people were massacred and hundreds were hanged. In Delhi the mutineers were joined by the Delhi sepoys and the city came under their control. This project would not have been possible without the guidance and assistance of a few people that need duly acknowledged as a form of my gratitude. The Revolt of 1857, also regarded as India's First War of Independence is an extremely important event of Indian history. In India, it has been viewed quite differently. Indian Revolt of 1857The Indian revolt of 1857 was a widespread Indian rebellion against British rule. 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The Indian Rebellion of 1857 began as a mutiny of sepoys of the East India Company's army on 10 May 1857, in the cantonment of the town of Meerut, and soon escalated into other mutinies and civilian rebellions largely in the upper Gangetic plain and central India, with the major hostilities confined to present-day Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, northern Madhya Pradesh, and the Delhi region. On 24 th April 1857 about ninety men of the Native Cavalry stationed at Meerut refused to accept the greased cartridges. In Bihar the revolt was led by Kunwar Singh. They were not prepared to cross the ocean (Kalapani) which was forbidden as per Hindu religious beliefs. Indian Revolt of 1857The Indian revolt of 1857 was a widespread Indian rebellion against British rule. Jaitpur, Sambalpur and Udaipur were also annexed. The Doctrine of Lapse was abolished. After the Industrial Revolution in England, there was an influx of British manufactured goods into India which ruined industries, particularly the textile industry, of India. The right to adopt sons as legal heirs was accepted. The Revolt of 1857 eventually broke out over the incident of greased cartridges. This website includes study notes, research papers, essays, articles and other allied information submitted by visitors like YOU. Both Hindu and Muslim sepoys refused to use them. 1. The victory was short- lived. This was insulting for both hindus and muslims who were inthe sepoy army. The Indian public which does not like sudden changes was applied with the new laws and customs which were anathema to the … Summarized View of Major Events in the Revolt of 1857. Lack of coordination between the sepoys, peasants, zamindars and other classes, was also a reason. Dr. Mary Rader (UT), for suggesting the topic and methodology upon which this project has been conceived. He captured Kanpur and proclaimed himself the Peshwa. The Indian sepoys in Meerut murdered their British officers and broke open the jail. Learning of the fall of Delhi by telegraph, many British administrators hastened to remove themselves, their families and servants to places of safety. Satara, Nagpur and Jhansi were annexed under the Doctrine of Lapse. Historians have identified diverse political, economic, military, religious and social causes of the Indian Rebellion of 1857.. An uprising in several sepoy companies of the Bengal army was sparked by the issue of new gunpowder cartridges for the Enfield rifle in February 1857. The Revolt of 1857 was a prolonged period of armed uprising as well as rebellions in Northern and Central India against British occupation of that part of the subcontinent. Began as mutiny of sepoys (Indian soldiers of the British East India Company's army on 10 May 1857, in the town of Meerut. The queen escaped to Nepal. The Revolt of 1857 is also called the Sepoy Mutiny or India's First War of Independence. It was started on 10 May 1857 at Meerut, as a mutiny of sepoys of the British East India Company's army. Revolt of 1857 Later, a large-scale rebellion broke out in May and turned into what may be called a full-fledged war in the affected region. Other rulers feared that the annexation of their states was only a matter of time. 02/2019 @gjust.ac.in, This website follows the DNPA’s code of conduct, एंट्रेंस एग्जाम्स के मल्टीपल च्वाइस क्वेश्चन्स सॉल्व करने के कारगर तरीके जानिये यहां, BARC ASO Admit Card 2020 to Release on 28 Dec @barc.gov.in: Download Final List of Screened In Candidates, Physical Test from 18 Jan 2021, VSSC भर्ती 2021: 79 साइंटिस्ट / इंजीनियर और मेडिकल ऑफिसर पदों की वेकेंसी के लिए vssc.gov.in पर करें आवेदन. In India 19th century, the adopted son of Baji Rao II, created hostility among the ruling class hindus. 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