STUDY. Coaching, IAS Exam Notification, UPSC In those days there was no conception of India as a country. Absentee sovreignty of the British . According to the General Service Enlistment Act of 1856, Indian soldiers could be posted anywhere overseas in the British Empire. Tarique Khan, Sociology Electrical Prep Strategy, GATE Lord Canning even declared that the title of the Mughal emperor would be abolished after the death of Bahadur Shah and his palace and fort would be taken over by the British. WAR OF INDEPENDENCE 1857. Optional by Majid Husain, Law Optional & Test Series by Aditya Tiwari, Integrated Pre Cum Mains Results, JEE Main Exam Optional Booklist, UPSC Political Cause, Economic causes, Socio Religious causes, Military causes, Immediate Cause. The judicial system of the British was costly, mechanical and involved much time. Begun in Meerut by Indian troops in the service of the British East India Company, it spread to Delhi, Agra, Kanpur, and Lucknow. Tutorial, Law Bridge Academy Satara Jaipur, Jhansi, Udaipur and other kingdoms came under British control. - Class XI JEE Main + Advanced (SSC/Banking), Rahul Agnihotri disrepect shown to the mughal emperor. Disrespect shown to Bahadur Shah 3. The 1857 war of Independence was the culmination of various political, economic, social and military causes which burst forth in the from of the cartridge controversy, finally resulting in the Indian Sepoy Mutiny where a soldier named Mangal Pandey was the first to break rank. This War was fought in 1857 by Indians against the British in order to get rid of their domination. Course, Pavan Kumar - People during this time were suffering on all the fronts economic, political, societal, etc. In 1857 British faced a serious challenge to their rule in India. Recruitment Notification, TNPSC - Exam Political grievances of different sections of Indian society viz. The Revolt of 1857 is an important Landmark in the history of India Which Occurred during the governor-generalship of Lord Canning. Historians have expressed divergent views about the nature of the revolt. The Revolt of 1857 lasted for more than a year. Ananya Khanna. The revolt was mainly confined to the Doab region. That became the fate of the people at other places also where the British rule was subsequently established. Social 4. the most difficult exams, Live Online. The British utilized their political power for exploiting the economic resources and wealth of India for the benefit of Britain. PSC - Exam Pattern and Syllabus, NPSC The worst effect of the British rule was the impoverishment of the Indian people because Indian handicrafts were destroyed, foreign trade was monoplised by the English and the peasants suffered because of the high demand of the revenue. 2. which angered the local ruler, who had to now live i… The causes of war of Independence 1857 are; Political causes Religious causes, Social causes, Military causes and Economic causes . Learn. Economic Frustration: Occupation of India by the East India Company was not for any altruistic motives, rather for pure mercantilist objectives. Annexation of Indian states and the removal of the local rulers led to the dissolution of the court which resulted in the loss of patronage to musicians, dancers, artisans, administrative officials, army men and so on. Causes of the War. This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Key, RRB JE Exam The Bengal army was regarded the backbone of the Indian army of the British. Syllabus, Sikkim The mistreatment of Mughal Emperor was also … Year Exam Papers And Solutions, PSU Recruitment The religious preachers like Mullahs, Moulvies and Pandits played an notable role in spreading hatred against the British. On the contrary, Dr. Majumdar says that as the revolt was limited only to a part of India, several native rulers supported the English, large number of Indian soldiers including the Sikhs and the Gurakhas remained loyal to the English, a large majority of the Indian people did not like it, the relations of the Hindus and the Muslims did not remain cordial and the mutineers mostly fought for their respective selfish interests, it was “neighter first, nor national, nor a war of indepedence.”. The Indians, in most of the cases, failed to get justice from the British judges against these atrocities perpetrated on their countrymen. Sind, Rajputana, … V D Savarkar wrote book in 1902 and called revolt of 1857 as 1st National War of Independence because: The revolt represented the biggest coordinated armed revolt against the British rule. Mostly it consisted of the Rajputs and the Brahmans. Causes of the First War of Independence , 1857 There were many causes of the War of Independence of 1857. This was the first joint revolt against the British. PSC, Chhattisgarh In 1856, Widow Remarriage Act was passed by Lord Canning and the Hindus felt that the government was interfering ‘n their social and religious affairs. Answer Key, Previous Treatment given to Nana Saheb and Rani Laxmi Bai 4. William Bentinck prohibited the practice of Sati in 1829. (OR) How did the political factors lead to the first war of Indian independence? Hence, t… They soon began to consolidate their power through annexation and alliances etc. Indian Mutiny, also called Sepoy Mutiny or First War of Independence, widespread but unsuccessful rebellion against British rule in India in 1857–59. Studies Full Course by Toppers 25, Anthropology The people of the states which were annexed to the British territory were also resentful. They can be divided into political, religious, military, economic and social causes. Prelims 2020 Answer Key & Cut Off, JKPSC Web Title : know the important facts about revolt of 1857, the first war of indian independence Hindi News from Navbharat Times, TIL Networkपाइए … They … After Industrial Revolution imports from England augmented. Soon after wards in 1764 the British recorded another important triumph in the Battle of Buxar. The causes of the War of Independence were political, economic, religious, social and military. This war is called war of Independence. Causes and result of the first indepedence war. The poor could draw no advantage from it. Toppers 25, Er. The East India  Company gave free hand to the Christian missionaries to convert the people to Christianity. which actively helped the British. Q2. The low salaries of the Indian soldiers, recruitment of soldiers of all castes, deprivation of the faculty of postage free letters, the passing of General Service Enlistment Act 1856 etc., created discontent among the soldiers. Download. The Company interfered in the internal matters of Indian States and followed the policy of divide and rule. • The British did not realize but many issues and dismays of the Indians were building up anger in them including the behavior of British towards them and unbiased policies. In fact, after the foreigners but to protect their respective religions. Causes of revolt: The revolt of 1857 was a combination of political, economic, socio-religious and military causes. 1. The revolt of 1857 also known as the Sepoy Mutiny, the Great Rebellion and India s first war of independence was the result of colonial policies of the British Raj and prolonged resentment of different sections of Indian society such as Sepoys, Zamindars, Peasants, Artisans against discriminatory British policies. Military and Immediate Causes: Besides the above political and administrative, economic, social and religious grievances, another major cause was the unrest of the sepoys in the army of the British. How far is it correct to say that revolt of 1857 was the first war of Indian indepdence? Lack of coordination between the sepoys, peasants, zamindars and other classes, was also a reason. which angered the local ruler, who had to now live in the looming fear of annexation of their state by the British. Causes 1857 War of Independence can be analyzed in terms of several sets of causative factors such as military unrest, religious tensions, social discontentment, economic frustration etc. Studies Foundation Course by Lukmaan IAS, Geography All those who entered into such an alliance with the British had to accept certain terms and conditions such as the rulers had to disband their military force, allow the British to position their troops within the kingdom, and act in accordance with the advice of the British Resident who was now to be attached to the court. Ranjan's IAS, Praveen Flashcards. This was against the policy of equality before law which the Britishers professed. Course, Fresher - Disrespect shown to Bahadur Shah 3. IAS, Salamudin social & religious causes. Indian Mutiny, also called Sepoy Mutiny or First War of Independence, widespread but unsuccessful rebellion against British rule in India in 1857–59. Under this spurious doctrine, he annexed Satara, Sambalpur, Jhansi and Nagpur etc. It was supported by liberal Hindus as well. treatment towards nana saheb. Tags : PDF for UPSC exam short notes on 1857 revolt causes. Match. Economic Causes 2. please enter 10 Absentee sovreignty of the British. Yet, Dr. Sen says that it was a war of Indian Indepedence because both the soldiers and the citizens, may be in miniority, tried to turn out the English from India. They were paid low salaries and not promoted above the rank of subedar. to start IES Prep and Strategy, 8 Tips They were intolerant towards Hinduism and Islam and openly critical of these religions. Academy, Success Mantra IAS Created by. Engineers Career Group, Current What enraged the people was how British land revenue settlements had dispossessed landholders, both big and small, and foreign commerce had driven artisans and weavers to ruin. - Recruitment Notification, TPSC The British created monopoly on trade in their favour. Books, UPSC Hindus believed that crossing the sea was a sin. The revolution in 1857 shook the British government to its very foundation as millions of peasants, artisans, soldiers participated. The Indians felt that by providing such education to boys and girls of immature age meant nothing except pollution of their minds. Appointments were made to various posts, arrangements made for the collection of land revenue and the payment of troops, orders issued to stop loot and plunder. That created dissatisfaction among the soldiers. PCS, APPSC First War of Independence 1857. Harsh punishment meted out to the disobedient soldiers and that too in front of their colleagues, resulted in the mutiny of several regiments and ultimately became a general … Number of historians argue that the revolt. british policies of annexation. 2019, NEET Eligibility Civil Prep Strategy, IES The regulations framed by the government in its hospitals also created apprehension in the minds of the Indians. These soldiers were enraged when Awadh was annexed to the British Empire on the grounds of maladministration by Nawab Wajid Ali. Optional by Venkata Mohan, Venkata Mohan - PSC, IES Exam “The revolt of 1857 was anything but a war of indepedence.” Discuss. Causes of the failure of the revolt: Limited Uprising: Although the revolt was fairly widespread, a large part of the country remained unaffected by it. Terms in this set (16) What were the political causes of the first war of independence? One … Lack of Leadership and Discipline: The freedom fighters fought mostly in independent groups at different places led by leaders of their particular regions.There was no leader who could single handed lead all the groups. Dalhousie’s policy of annexation threatened many princely states and they were the first ones to pick up arms against British. Political Causes . (Judicial), Power Mind Institute In comparison to the previous uprisings of the Indians, the … This event is known by different names such as, “the Sepoy Mutiny”, “The Indian rebellion” and the “First war of Indian Independence”. Spell. The racial arrogance of the English, the activities of the missionaries, the passing of social legislation, etc., created distrust among the people and they feared that the English were best upon polluting their religion and society. The soldiers, therefore, felt that while their sons desirous of joining the army in all likelihood would lose their castes, then themselves had been deprived of a privilege to which they were entitled so far. Land levies left no savings with the cultivators so they were not able to invest in the advancement of agriculture. As we said above that the British regarded the Indians as belonging to an inferior race. Poverty in India remained limited not only to a particular section of the society. Optional & Test Series by MitraPal, Geography / TPSC, Madhya Details, Madhya Pradesh Course, Fresher - Exam Pattern, APPSC They used their political power to destroy Indian trade and industries with a policy of discrimination in tariff and import and export policies, which ultimately destroyed Indian economy and caused economic impoverishment of India and its people. Dr. Ishwari Prasad, Dr. Tara Chand and several other historians have opined that the 1857 revolt was an organised one but Dr. S.N. Under these circumstances, the Indian soldiers felt that if they stuck at the opportune time they had quite good chances to turn out the British from India. Online Application, UPSC The Company interfered in the internal matters of Indian States and followed the policy of divide and rule. PSC - Recruitment Notification, Manipur – Civil Engineering Course by Engineers Zone, GATE Content has been updated on 7th March, 2020. ii. economic causes. The policy of Doctrine of Lapse was applied not only to Princes but also big Zamindars. – Civil Engineering Course by Engineers Career Group, GATE Criteria, SSC CGL Many were affected by policies. It was initiated to get rid of the British domination. When it occured? There was a rumour that the cartridges were smeared with the fat of cow and pig. The British excluded the Indians from all high civil and military jobs. but no Indian. Several causes as follows were responsible for the great rising: Source used : NCERT, Tamil Nadu Board, IGNOU Modern History, NIOS textbooks. STUDY. It is also given names as Indian Rebellion, Indian Mutiny as well as Indian Revolt. Course, Target - XII The coalition forces lead by Maratha and Mughal Empires and all other kingdoms were defeated by the British East India Company with the help of 21 princely states that were loyal to them. The Company’s government passed certain laws which also created distrust among the people. There are various names for the revolt of 1857 – India’s First War of Independence, Sepoy Mutiny, etc. 1. Application form, RRB JE Admit Under the British rule, there was a severe deterioration of the condition of Indian agriculture. There are certain political causes of the 1857 revolt .. such as . Satara, Jaitpur, Jhansi, Udaipur and other kingdoms became part of the British empire. People during this time were suffering on all the fronts economic, political, societal, etc. Civil Engineering Course by Engineers Career Group, Geography Optional for UPSC Mains by Eligibility, UPSC Admit JE Exam Pattern and Syllabus, RRB JE Result and Cut There are many causes for this war which are: Political. The East India Company was aiming to annex all the states of India like Avadh, Tanjore, Jhansi, Satara, etc. Write. Why does America want to back out of Open Skies Treaty? Key Question 4: What were the causes and consequences of the War of Independence 1857 - 58? Annexation of Awadh on the charge of Mis-Governance . War of independence 1857 is a remarkable event in the history of sub-continent. The land revenue policies of the British were detrimental to the farmers. Class XI NEET Economic cause of First War Of Indian incandescence 1857 A.D. :- Thanks to the economic revolution in England, Indian handicrafts and cottage industries suffered heavily. These people lost their source of livelihood. But, later on, the British started recruiting people of lower castes also in it. The subsidiary alliance and the Doctrine of Lapse of Dalhousie angered Indian Princes. Course, Fresher - Class Feynman IAS, Alok S. Jha - AAI It was the result of the century-old British rule in India. The political objective of the 1857 uprising was to overthrow British rule and replace it with an alternate order. There were social, political, economic, religious, and military causes of this war of independence. The soldiers in general were dissatisfied because they were asked to go for fighting to distant places without any extra remuneration and were not assigned any honour or reward after the success in the battle as had been the case under the service of native rulers. Causes of Failure of 1857 Indian War of Independence. Classes, Engineering Career The British considered that they belonged to a superior race and used to humiliate the Indians. The Indians disliked and distrusted the administration of the British. Kishore - Nice IAS, Aditya Tiwari - Toppers Answer Booklets, How It means that every struggle or fighting of the Indians against the English cannot be accepted as a war of Indepedence. This war was not triggered by a single reason, but multiple factors played their role. Polity Bharat Ka Samvidhan: Ek Parichaya: Ek Parichaya (Hindi), Sansar डेली करंट अफेयर्स, 30 November 2020 - Sansar Lochan, Life of Basava and Shakti Vishishtadvaita Philosophy, Causes of the Downfall of the Mughal Empire, Reforms of Alauddin Khilji : Administrative, Military, Revenue & Economic, Lord Curzon : Reforms and the administrative measures, Lord Ripon (1880-1884) – A well-meaning Governor-General, Itolizumab (rDNA origin) – A Monoclonal Antibody | UPSC, Know about Hagia Sophia Controversy | UPSC, Administration of Lord Lytton (1876-1880). The Moghul sultans, the Nawab of Oudh and other kings were tripped … This led to extreme resentment among the successors of rulers who died without a natural heir. While the war of 1857 was a reaction of different sections of Indian society against policies of the British which included various aspects viz. Adopting heir was an ancient practice among Indian rulers. Pradesh MPPSC, Rajasthan Pattern and Syllabus, TNPSC Political Causes; The East India Company was aiming to annex all the states of India like Avadh, Tanjore, Jhansi, etc. Policy of Expansion: After the Battle of Plassey, the British began to conquer Indian territories rapidly.They conquered Indian territories by fighting wars, by implementing the Doctrine of Lapse, by forcing kingdoms to sign the Subsidiary Alliance system and on the pretext of alleged mismanagement of the states by Indian kings. Optional & Test Series by Praveen Kishore, General War of Independence 1857 - 1858 Background: • During the 1850s, the British became confident about their hold on the sub-continent. Answer: Many Indian kings lost their kingdoms due to the Doctrine of Lapse. - Recruitment Notification, NPSC Answer Key, CDS Exam The British occasionally showed disrespect to the Mughal emperor, Bahadur Shah. Causes of the First War of Independence , 1857 There were many causes of the War of Independence of 1857. The impersonal nature of the British administration and Judiciary, the ineffectiveness of the police-system, the rigours of the revenue-system and keeping away of the Indians from the services had created a sense of general discontent among the people. But the British forced them to do so and threatened the Indian soldiers to use them. PSC, Uttar Pradesh 2014-2019, Gravity. Answer Key, GATE Treatment given to Nana Saheb and Rani Laxmi Bai 4. Eligibility Criteria, RRB Enginners Zone, Practice UPSC Previous Years' Prelims Paper. The revolt of 1857 witnessed in large parts of North and Central India was an armed rebellion triggered due to number of political and economic policies of British. In this context, the people had misgivings even about useful social legislation passed by the British. Political Causes 3. Test. Post this, India was directly ruled by the British government through … Syllabus, GPSC (PDF) The Revolt of 1857: The First war of Independence. It was the result of the century-old British rule in India. by connecting teachers and students seemlessly. Learn how your comment data is processed. Subsidiary Alliance was a system devised by Lord Wellesley in 1798. Because of all these reasons Kings, Princes, their courtiers and disbanded soldiers and tenants were enraged with the British. Social 4. A short summary of this paper. The British established their political power first in Bengal and within a few decades drained off its resources to the extent that its people were not left even with the bare minimum for existence. Notification, IES Exam Date, SSC Answer 2019 Answer Key, UPSC Studies, Electronics Marathas came forward to support British forces. Syllabus, UPSC CAPF Class XII JEE Main + Advanced He was driven by conviction to bring all the Indian states ruled by local rulers into the fold of British administration. First War of Independence. Causes of 1857 War of independence; Introduction On April 27, 1857, eighty-five soldiers of a Bengal regiment of British East India Company, posted in Meerut, disobeyed to use the new cartridges, allegedly encased in cow and pig grease. Economic Causes 2. In this context, answer the following:Explain any three political causes of the Revolt of 1857. Causes of Failure of the Revolt of 1857. This became a robust cause for the protest of 1857 against British. In 1832 and 1850, laws were passed concerning succession of property. OUTRIGHT WARS To expand their territorial power and safeguard their economic and political interests the British wages wars like Battle of Plassey (1757), Anglo Mysore wars, Anglo Maratha wars and … Policy of expansion 2. Causes for the first War of Indian Independence 1857 A.D Political cause:-Many kingdom lost their rights thanks to the promulgation of Doctrine of Lapse caused by British . Policy of expansion 2. They did not pose a serious challenge to the British. Dr. Majumdar says that many scholars are prepared to accept every armed struggle of the Indians against the English as a freedom fight. The main causes were disunity of the Indians, lack of complete nationalism etc. Due to this they harboured a grudge against British Raj and found an opportunity in the Sepoy Mutiny to equal scores with the British. Religion 5. The introduction of the Enfield rifle, the use of the fat of pig and cow in greasing its cartridges and the insistence of the English on using them by the soldiers led to the outbreak of the revolt in May 1857. XII NEET Prior to 1813, the British Government had not permitted the Missionaries to enter into India. Therefore, it can be assumed that the native rulers, in turn, might have desired to uproot the British rule in India. The Revolt of 1857 was an unsuccessful but heroic effort to eliminate foreign rule. Their distrust against the British was confirmed by the imperialistic policy of Lord Dalhousie. They converted India into a supplier of raw materials and a market for their finished goods. 100 Case Studies by S. Ansari, General Not only was the dethronement of the Nawab distasteful to them but they also felt aggrieved because many among them indirectly lost certain privileges as their relatives were deprived of the patronage of the Nawab. Causes of the War There were social, political, economic, religious, and military causes of this war of independence. The leaders went back to the culture of the court. The First War of Independence, 1857 Only the causes (political, socio-religious, economic and military) and consequences will be tested. Toppers Preparation Strategy, IAS Study Course, Target - XII Calendar, UPSC [The events, however, need to be mentioned in order to maintain continuity and for a more comprehensive understanding.] Showed disrespect to the Doctrine ofLapse, India | all Rights Reserved to be in. Lead to the Doctrine ofLapse fear of annexation of Avadh was also a.... … ( PDF ) the revolt of 1857 lasted for more than a year political causes of first war of independence 1857 lines the.. Gave free hand to the full extent for commercial advantage rulers of the Englishmen particularly, the were. Political power in political causes of first war of independence 1857 upon them socially British utilized their political power to strangulate way. Divided into political, economic, religious, military causes of British administration Indian had. Arms against British rule in India without any corresponding responsibilities faced a serious challenge to the Mughal,. 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Of pesewa Baji Rao II they soon began to consolidate their power through annexation and etc! British empire on the local rulers political causes of first war of independence 1857 the fold of British administration provided grounds for finished. Cultivators so they were peasants, Zamindars, artisans, Princes political causes of first war of independence 1857 their due...